EntreCOMP: Το ευρωπαϊκό πλαίσιο αναφοράς για την ικανότητα του επιχειρείν

Tο Ευρωπαϊκό Πλαίσιο Αναφοράς για την Ικανότητα του Επιχειρείν (EntreComp) που παρουσιάζεται στην παρούσα έκθεση φιλοδοξεί να φέρει κοντά τους νευραλγικούς τομείς της εκπαίδευσης και της εργασίας, συμβάλλοντας στην κατανόηση, προώθηση και καλλιέργεια της ικανότητας του επιχειρείν. Ο απώτερος στόχος είναι η απελευθέρωση του δυναμικού των ευρωπαίων πολιτών ώστε να συμμετέχουν ενεργά και με αυτοπεποίθηση στην κοινωνική πρόοδο μεταμορφώνοντας τις ιδέες τους σε πράξη

Pan-European Survey of Practices, Attitudes and Policy Preferences as regards Personal Identity Data Management

This Report presents the results of the largest survey ever conducted in Europe and elsewhere about people's behaviours, attitudes and regulatory preferences concerning data protection, privacy and electronic identity, both on the Internet and otherwise in their daily lives. It finds that personal data disclosure is increasingly prevalent in the European society, largely due to the expansion of the Information Society. In turn, most services provided in the digital economy rest on the assumption that this data and associated electronic identities are collected used and disposed of according to existing legislation. The survey shows very clearly how Digital Europe is shaping up. About two thirds of EU27 citizens use the Internet frequently, more than one third uses Social Networking Sites (SNS) to keep in touch with friends and business partners and almost 4 out of 10 shop online. In both of these contexts, people disclose vast amounts of personal information, and also manage a large and growing number of electronic identities. However, there are equally significant differences among Member States and considerable digital exclusion, mainly due to socio-demographic differences in affluence, education and age. These are some of the insights of the Eurobarometer Survey on Data Protection and Electronic Identity conducted in December 2010. The results were published in June 2011. The report builds on the top line results presented in the EB-359 report and analyses in depth the information collected so as to draw conclusions in direct relation to four key Digital Agenda areas: e-Commerce, Social Networking Sites, Authentication and Identification and Medical Information as Personal Data.JRC.J.3-Information Societ

Understanding the Economics of Electronic Identity: Theoretical Approaches and Case Studies

This paper discusses the economics of electronic identity (eIdentity) from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Personal identity data are becoming increasingly important in online transactions, and they have never been monetised to the extent they are today. Consequently, there is a need for an improved understanding of the economic externalities resulting from the electronic use of identities in transactions. In this context, we distinguish four main theoretical approaches for understanding economics of identity: identity as a consumption good, identity as a capital asset, identity as a social good, and identity as a cost. We analyse each of these approaches in terms of their benefits to understanding economics of identity, their drawbacks, and the bearer of the cost of identity provision. After the theoretical part, we go on to discuss three case studies, BBS, eBay and IdenTrust, and apply an appropriate concept of economics of identity to analyse each business case. Finally, we conclude the paper by discussing the implications that each of the different concepts of economics of identity has for policymakers.JRC.DDG.J.4-Information Societ

Learning2.0. The Impact of Web2.0 Innovation on Education and Training in Europe

This report presents the outcomes of the expert workshop held at the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS) on 29 and 30 October 2008 to discuss the impact of the social computing on Education and Training (E&T) in Europe. The workshop aimed to validate the results of the Learning 2.0 study, launched by IPTS in collaboration with DG EAC. The study explored the impact of social computing on E&T in Europe (in terms of contribution to the innovation of educational practice, and to more inclusive learning opportunities for the knowledge society). It also assessed Europe¿s position in the take up of social computing in formal educational contexts and - by identifying opportunities and challenges - devised policy options for EU decision makers. The report offers a structured account of the debate that took place during the two day workshop. It reflects the discussion on the potential of social computing take up in organized educational contexts, focusing on innovation (from the pedagogical, organisational and technological standpoints), and on inclusion. It further discusses how, despite the recent emergence of the phenomenon mostly outside E&T institutions, its primarily experimental nature within formal E&T contexts, and the speed of its evolution, there are clear signs that it can transform educational practice and that a new schooling culture is called for. The report then presents the main risks that were identified by the experts and proposes a number of items for research and the policy agenda to respond to the educational needs of society as it is being transformed by the social computing wave. Finally, it summarizes the trends identified as likely to affect the future evolution of the learning landscape.JRC.J.4-Information Societ

EntreComp Playbook.: Entrepreneurial learning beyond the classroom

This playbook targets primarily learning facilitators who operate outside the formal education system. It aims to help them design and facilitate entrepreneurial learning activities in meaningful ways. The playbook can be applied in many setting: developing entrepreneurial competences in adults to increase their employability, up-skilli to face the changing needs of the labour market, career progression, support actors of change, as well as business start-ups within or outside existing ventures. The playbook can be used by the private, the public and the third sector alike. No two entrepreneurial learning activities will be alike, nor can an algorithm be scripted to produce the perfect intervention. Even when a format is defined, each learning group, each context bears its own circumstances and a facilitator will have to adapt and make the most of such circumstances. This playbook therefore is not a process guide: it rather provides readers with a selection of orientation tools for them to experiment and create their own map to entrepreneurial teaching and learning. The playbook sets out nine principles that any entrepreneurial learning facilitator should consider when designing entrepreneurial teaching and learning. It also describes three popular entrepreneurial methods and three pedagogical methods that can be adapted to foster entrepreneurial learning. The entrepreneurial methods give explicit guidance to practitioners to create value for others. They establish a logic that structures thought and action, by prescribing steps and offering tools to be used at each stage of the entrepreneurial process. The methods are based in both research and theory as well as in the practices of real-life entrepreneurs. The pedagogical methods, alike, aim to guide teachers and trainers cultivate EntreComp competences including perseverance, resilience, self-efficacy, creativity, teamwork and sensitivity to ethical and sustainability consequences of actions. They all aim at fostering learning through experiences, offering learners something to act upon, such as a problem or a challenge, they rely on questioning and inquiry and promote a growth mind-set. The list of methods is not exhaustive or comprehensive, but offers the readers a range of alternative approaches to explore, combine and experiment. Each of the methods can be adapted with the nine principles to help structure practical value creation experiences for learners to become more entrepreneurial. The final section of this playbook lists techinques, templates and tools to help learning facilitators design “situated” learning activities to help learners to become more entrepreneurial. The playbook is intended as learning exercise itself for those that have little or no experience in designing practical entrepreneurial experience. The playbook is built on the experiments, resilience, perseverance and lessons learned by users of EntreComp.JRC.B.4-Human Capital and Employmen

Prospects of Mobile Search

Search faces (at least) two major challenges. One is to improve efficiency of retrieving relevant content for all digital formats (images, audio, video, 3D shapes, etc). The second is making relevant information retrievable in a range of platforms, particularly in high diffusion ones as mobiles. The two challenges are interrelated but distinct. This report aims at assessing the potential of future Mobile Search. Two broad groups of search-based applications can be identified. The first one is the adaptation and emulation of web search processes and services to the mobile environment. The second one is services exploiting the unique features of the mobile devices and the mobile environments. Examples of these context-aware services include location-based services or interfacing to the internet of things (RFID networks). The report starts by providing an introduction to mobile search. It highlights differences and commonalities with search technologies on other platforms (Chapter 1). Chapter 2 is devoted to the supply side of mobile search markets. It describes mobile markets, presents key figures and gives an outline of main business models and players. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the demand side of the market. It studies users¿ acceptance and demand using the results on a case study in Sweden. Chapter 4 presents emerging trends in technology and markets that could shape mobile search. It is the author's view after discussing with many experts. One input to this discussion was the analysis of on forward-looking scenarios for mobile developed by the authors (Chapter 5). Experts were asked to evaluate these scenarios. Another input was a questionnaire to which 61 experts responded. Drivers, barriers and enablers for mobile search have been synthesised into SWOT analysis. The report concludes with some policy recommendations in view of the likely socio-economic implications of mobile search in Europe.JRC.DG.J.4-Information Societ

The European Entrepreneurship Competence Framework (EntreComp). A Conceptual Model Built and Tested by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre

Defining what it takes to act entrepreneurially is fundamental to identify what competences shall be nurtured to cultivate the entrepreneurial capacity of European citizens and organisations. The Joint Research Centre and Directorate General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion of the European Commission have developed a Reference Framework, turning a very broad definition of entrepreneurship into learning outcomes that facilitate the promotion of entrepreneurial learning across sectors

EntreComp - Euroopa ettevotluspadevuse raamistik: mida see noorsootootajatele tahendab? [EntreComp - the European reference framework for entrepreneurship competence: what's in it for youth workers?]

Entrepreneurship is regarded as one of the key competences necessary for a knowledge-based society and economy. People with entrepreneurship competence are more prone to identify problems and take action to create value for others, enhancing social, cultural and economic well-being and are better placed to thrive in an increasingly complex world. The development of the entrepreneurial capacity of citizens and organisations is indeed one of the policy priorities for the European Union and the Member States. To support the effort of all those actors that are striving to seed entrepreneurship competence in citizens across the EU, the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, has developed a reference document that anyone can freely use to their purposes: the Entrepreneurship Competence Framework (EntreComp). The article suggest possible uses of the framework by youth work organizations.JRC.B.4-Human Capital and Employmen